Recently,there was a research shows that a single brain cell can heal paralysed limb which is a good news for those who are suffering paralysis known as lock-in syndrome,which can't responds to the commands by the brain.
While the brain activity that would normally move automatic is still present, the instructions can't reach the muscles.The experiment had been done on monkeys,the scientist connect an electrodes to individual neurons inside the motor cortex in monkey's brain and record the electrical activity.These signals were then routed in real-time to a computer, and from there through a stimulator to another set of electrodes attached directly to wrist muscles that had been artificially blocked further up the arm along the normal neural pathway.Because little processing power is needed, the computer is the size of a cell phone, and can be attached to the animal's body.The monkey had already mastered a simple video game, grasping targets shown on a video screen with a control device manipulated by a single hand.It stated that that is the first study shows that neuron can control a muscle.This techniques can be tested on humans.
Wednesday, September 17, 2008
Tiny brain cells
PARIS (AFP) - - One tiny brain cell is all it takes to restore voluntary movement of paralysed muscles, scientists in the United States reported.
In experiments pointing to new treatments for paralysis caused by spinal cord injury or stroke, monkeys learned within minutes to harness the power of a single neuron to activate muscles immobilised by drugs.
There are some 100 billion neurons in the human brain, and the study suggests an unsuspected degree of flexibility in the kinds of tasks they can perform.
"Nearly every neuron we tested could be used to control this type of stimulation," Chet Moritz, lead author and a researcher at the University of Washington, told journalists in a conference call Wednesday
If a monkey can do it, a human should be able to do it even better, he said.
Clinical trials, however, are at least several years away, perhaps longer, Moritz added.
Spinal cord injuries cripple hundreds of thousands of people worldwide every year, rendering the simplest of actions -- opening a door, scratching an itch, drinking a glass of water -- frustratingly difficult, or simply impossible.
Those afflicted with the most severe form of paralysis, known as lock-in syndrome, are fully conscious prisoners inside a body that no longer responds to commands.
While the brain activity that would normally result in a voluntary movement is still present, the instructions simply don't reach the muscles.
Moritz and two colleagues at the University of Washington found a way to bypass the kind of nerve damage that can result in such paralysis.
They first connected electrodes to individual neurons inside the motor cortex of monkey's brain and recorded the electrical activity.
These signals were then routed in real-time to a computer, and from there through a stimulator to another set of electrodes attached directly to wrist muscles that had been artificially blocked further up the arm along the normal neural pathway.
Because little processing power is needed, the computer is the size of a cell phone, and can be attached to the animal's body.
Future versions will be wireless and small enough to implant directly in the body, the researchers said.
The monkey had already mastered a simple video game, grasping targets shown on a video screen with a control device manipulated by a single hand.
"But once he was paralysed, the only way to move his wrist was to change the activity of individual neurons in his brain," Moritz explained.
On average it took about 10 minutes for the monkeys to "train" the neuron well enough to play the video game again.
"The brain can very rapidly learn to control new cells and use them to generate movements," said co-author Eberhard Fetz.
Earlier experiments enabling monkeys to manipulate prosthetic devices or computer cursors using only electrical impulses coming from the brain were based on a fundamentally different premise, according to the new study.
"They tried to read the mind of the money and figure out what he was planning to do," a technique that required massive computing power, said Moritz.
"Our approach is to recreate the raw connectivity between single neurons in the brain and muscles, and let the monkey's nervous system learn how to use that connectivity."
This is also the first study to show that a one neuron can control a muscle -- and possibly a whole group of muscles.
Electrodes connected to a single location in the spinal cord below an injury may be able to activate 10 or 15 muscles that are already precisely balanced for, say, grasping a coffee mug or walking, the researchers said.
And if a stroke has damaged the motor cortex, patients might be able to commandeer other brain cells that do not usually play a role in controlling muscles.
Several obstacles remain, however, before this new technique can be tested in humans, he said.
To avoid infections, the system would have to become fully implantable so that no wires passed through the skin. And electrodes would need to be made more stable so that they could record the activity of neurons over a period of years, rather than weeks.
In experiments pointing to new treatments for paralysis caused by spinal cord injury or stroke, monkeys learned within minutes to harness the power of a single neuron to activate muscles immobilised by drugs.
There are some 100 billion neurons in the human brain, and the study suggests an unsuspected degree of flexibility in the kinds of tasks they can perform.
"Nearly every neuron we tested could be used to control this type of stimulation," Chet Moritz, lead author and a researcher at the University of Washington, told journalists in a conference call Wednesday
If a monkey can do it, a human should be able to do it even better, he said.
Clinical trials, however, are at least several years away, perhaps longer, Moritz added.
Spinal cord injuries cripple hundreds of thousands of people worldwide every year, rendering the simplest of actions -- opening a door, scratching an itch, drinking a glass of water -- frustratingly difficult, or simply impossible.
Those afflicted with the most severe form of paralysis, known as lock-in syndrome, are fully conscious prisoners inside a body that no longer responds to commands.
While the brain activity that would normally result in a voluntary movement is still present, the instructions simply don't reach the muscles.
Moritz and two colleagues at the University of Washington found a way to bypass the kind of nerve damage that can result in such paralysis.
They first connected electrodes to individual neurons inside the motor cortex of monkey's brain and recorded the electrical activity.
These signals were then routed in real-time to a computer, and from there through a stimulator to another set of electrodes attached directly to wrist muscles that had been artificially blocked further up the arm along the normal neural pathway.
Because little processing power is needed, the computer is the size of a cell phone, and can be attached to the animal's body.
Future versions will be wireless and small enough to implant directly in the body, the researchers said.
The monkey had already mastered a simple video game, grasping targets shown on a video screen with a control device manipulated by a single hand.
"But once he was paralysed, the only way to move his wrist was to change the activity of individual neurons in his brain," Moritz explained.
On average it took about 10 minutes for the monkeys to "train" the neuron well enough to play the video game again.
"The brain can very rapidly learn to control new cells and use them to generate movements," said co-author Eberhard Fetz.
Earlier experiments enabling monkeys to manipulate prosthetic devices or computer cursors using only electrical impulses coming from the brain were based on a fundamentally different premise, according to the new study.
"They tried to read the mind of the money and figure out what he was planning to do," a technique that required massive computing power, said Moritz.
"Our approach is to recreate the raw connectivity between single neurons in the brain and muscles, and let the monkey's nervous system learn how to use that connectivity."
This is also the first study to show that a one neuron can control a muscle -- and possibly a whole group of muscles.
Electrodes connected to a single location in the spinal cord below an injury may be able to activate 10 or 15 muscles that are already precisely balanced for, say, grasping a coffee mug or walking, the researchers said.
And if a stroke has damaged the motor cortex, patients might be able to commandeer other brain cells that do not usually play a role in controlling muscles.
Several obstacles remain, however, before this new technique can be tested in humans, he said.
To avoid infections, the system would have to become fully implantable so that no wires passed through the skin. And electrodes would need to be made more stable so that they could record the activity of neurons over a period of years, rather than weeks.
Single brain cell can reactivate paralysed limbs: study
PARIS (AFP) - - One tiny brain cell is all it takes to restore voluntary movement of paralysed muscles, scientists in the United States reported.
In experiments pointing to new treatments for paralysis caused by spinal cord injury or stroke, monkeys learned within minutes to harness the power of a single neuron to activate muscles immobilised by drugs.
There are some 100 billion neurons in the human brain, and the study suggests an unsuspected degree of flexibility in the kinds of tasks they can perform.
"Nearly every neuron we tested could be used to control this type of stimulation," Chet Moritz, lead author and a researcher at the University of Washington, told journalists in a conference call Wednesday
If a monkey can do it, a human should be able to do it even better, he said.
Clinical trials, however, are at least several years away, perhaps longer, Moritz added.
Spinal cord injuries cripple hundreds of thousands of people worldwide every year, rendering the simplest of actions -- opening a door, scratching an itch, drinking a glass of water -- frustratingly difficult, or simply impossible.
Those afflicted with the most severe form of paralysis, known as lock-in syndrome, are fully conscious prisoners inside a body that no longer responds to commands.
While the brain activity that would normally result in a voluntary movement is still present, the instructions simply don't reach the muscles.
Moritz and two colleagues at the University of Washington found a way to bypass the kind of nerve damage that can result in such paralysis.
They first connected electrodes to individual neurons inside the motor cortex of monkey's brain and recorded the electrical activity.
These signals were then routed in real-time to a computer, and from there through a stimulator to another set of electrodes attached directly to wrist muscles that had been artificially blocked further up the arm along the normal neural pathway.
Because little processing power is needed, the computer is the size of a cell phone, and can be attached to the animal's body.
Future versions will be wireless and small enough to implant directly in the body, the researchers said.
The monkey had already mastered a simple video game, grasping targets shown on a video screen with a control device manipulated by a single hand.
"But once he was paralysed, the only way to move his wrist was to change the activity of individual neurons in his brain," Moritz explained.
On average it took about 10 minutes for the monkeys to "train" the neuron well enough to play the video game again.
"The brain can very rapidly learn to control new cells and use them to generate movements," said co-author Eberhard Fetz.
Earlier experiments enabling monkeys to manipulate prosthetic devices or computer cursors using only electrical impulses coming from the brain were based on a fundamentally different premise, according to the new study.
"They tried to read the mind of the money and figure out what he was planning to do," a technique that required massive computing power, said Moritz.
"Our approach is to recreate the raw connectivity between single neurons in the brain and muscles, and let the monkey's nervous system learn how to use that connectivity."
This is also the first study to show that a one neuron can control a muscle -- and possibly a whole group of muscles.
Electrodes connected to a single location in the spinal cord below an injury may be able to activate 10 or 15 muscles that are already precisely balanced for, say, grasping a coffee mug or walking, the researchers said.
And if a stroke has damaged the motor cortex, patients might be able to commandeer other brain cells that do not usually play a role in controlling muscles.
Several obstacles remain, however, before this new technique can be tested in humans, he said.
To avoid infections, the system would have to become fully implantable so that no wires passed through the skin. And electrodes would need to be made more stable so that they could record the activity of neurons over a period of years, rather than weeks.
Monday, September 15, 2008
~Hot colours for the latest fashion~
Colours combination are very important in fashion,you have to choose the right colours to combine and to match with your skintone so that you won't look dull.The first colour would be yellow,if you want to get attention from the crowd,yellow is the right colour to choose,but,you have to be careful with the yellow you're going to wear.It must be match with your skintone,soft yellow suits for those who have fair skin,otherwise you will look dull.The next colours are black and white,you won't have problem with these colours because it suits every skintone and you can wear it in any function.Besides that,royal blue is the latest colour trend that goes with any clothes such as top,skirts handbags and shoes.You won't have any problem to mix it with any other colours.Silver and golden are the colours that shows glamorous and trendy,both these colours can make you stand out from the crowd.The last colour would be floral colours,it is suitable o wear especially in summer season,on the warm and sunny day.So,these tips might can help you to follow the latest colour trend.If you follow the wrong way,you might be one of the fashion victim,and you might look dull if you choose the wrong combination of colours.
Fashion Summer~colours~
Women's Fashion Summer - Hot Essential Colors For The Summer
We respond to color before anything else it’s instinctive! So, use it correctly and it can be used fro dramatic effect. Here we will outline some hot colors and color combinations, that will be a feature of women’s fashion choices in summer 2007.
Let’s look at some hot colors and combinations for summer 2007.
1. Yellow
The color the Chinese associate with royalty and wealth is looking like being a big hit for the summer of 2007. If one color sums up summer days its yellow and there is a shade of yellow to suit all including:
Banana yellow, dazzling yellow, neon lemon, lemon lime.
Yellow is a strong color, but can be muted with Colors such as cream, black and grey.
If you want to stand out from the crowd pick strong bright yellows such as an acid yellow strong and dazzling with high energy is for.
You need to however be careful of the yellow you wear and match it to your skin tone - Those with fairer skin tones should stick to subtle pastels of yellow leaving bright yellows to darker and olive skinned wearers otherwise you will look washed out next to your clothing
2. Black and white
Black and white is a great combination and never seems to go away and for the summer of 2007 you will see a lot of it – it’s a flexible combination that suits all.
Classic black and white blocks are in and you can add a splash of color such as red or a yellow to add a final touch.
3. Sharp color combo
Just as black is a sharp color combo you can also use blue try dark navy blue trimmed with red.
4. Royal Blue
Royal blue is THE Blue to wear for the summer.
The good news is you can choose any item of clothing you like and they will all look great:
Cotton tops, blouses, mini-skirts, shoes, purses, bags will all look great in this color all in this wonderful royal color.
If you love this color, you can make it the star of your outfit, by enriching your wardrobe with a dress in this fantastic color.
Unlike yellow this is a much easier color to wear and you don’t need to worry about your skin tone hair color or anything else for that matter – it’s a great color for all women.
The catwalks of the world have already featured this color in all its glory and you can to!
This is simply a summer essential and a royal blue dress offers a flexible item of clothing for both work and evening wear.
5. Gold & Silver
Gold and sunshine go together and gold shimmers and can really make you stand out from the crowd.
Gold is glamorous, sexy and futuristic.
Silver has the same effect as gold and has been popular throughout 2007 and will still maintain its popularity this summer.
To get into silver or gold, try a bag and shoes combo and set them off with Black and blue dress respectively.
6. Floral Colors
Are back in a big way this season and offer a warm and sunny look
Floral motives and warm color pinkish nuances, have been a feature with all fashion designers covering shoes, shirts, dresses and handbags.
Try a silk for floral top for comfort and class or the ultimate in femininity, a short floral dress with high heels - perfect for that romantic meeting on a summer evening.
Summer is here! So use the colors above to create some great looks and enjoy the warm days and evening to their fullest.
Friday, September 12, 2008
Brush your teeth!!!
I felt quite weird when I first read these article.This is something new because I never heard that if we don't brush our teeth,it could lead to heart disease.I don't even know that there is connection between teeth and heart disease.So,these article is really good information for us to know.
It is really important for us to brush our teeth so that there will be no bacteria multiplyng inside our mouth.Scientist had done some research and it is proven that mouth is the dirtiest place in our body,so it is necessary to makesure our mouth is clean after we eat.It stated that,even if we are fit and have a healthy lifestyle,but if we have a bad mouth,we still might get heart disease.
If you have a bleeding gum,the bacteria might get in to the blood and stick to the platelet.Then,the blood stream will get slower and cause disease to the heart.Never thought how serious it is huh?
So,makesure to follow your mum's order when they ask you to brush your teeth before sleeping,it has always been a good thing to follow anything that pop out from their mouth because we have to admit that they always been right,hehe,actually I was talking about my mom when I was a kid.
So,makesure you have a clean teeth to prevent heart disease.
It is really important for us to brush our teeth so that there will be no bacteria multiplyng inside our mouth.Scientist had done some research and it is proven that mouth is the dirtiest place in our body,so it is necessary to makesure our mouth is clean after we eat.It stated that,even if we are fit and have a healthy lifestyle,but if we have a bad mouth,we still might get heart disease.
If you have a bleeding gum,the bacteria might get in to the blood and stick to the platelet.Then,the blood stream will get slower and cause disease to the heart.Never thought how serious it is huh?
So,makesure to follow your mum's order when they ask you to brush your teeth before sleeping,it has always been a good thing to follow anything that pop out from their mouth because we have to admit that they always been right,hehe,actually I was talking about my mom when I was a kid.
So,makesure you have a clean teeth to prevent heart disease.
Brush teeth to avoid heart disease
How to avoid heart disease: brush your teeth, say scientists by Marlowe Hood
Wed Sep 10, 7:16 PM
PARIS (AFP) - Here's another reason to brush your teeth: poor dental hygiene boosts the risk of heart attacks and strokes, a pair of studies reported this week.
ADVERTISEMENT
Heart disease is the number one killer worldwide, claiming upward of 17 million lives every year, according to the World Health Organization.
Smoking, obesity and high cholesterol are the most common culprits, but the new research shows that neglected gums can be added to the list.
"We now recognize that bacterial infections are an independent risk factor for heart diseases," said Howard Jenkins of the University of Bristol in Britain, at a meeting of the Society for General Microbiology in Dublin.
"In other words, it doesn't matter how fit, slim or healthy you are, you're adding to your chances of getting heart disease by having bad teeth," the professor said.
There are up to 700 different bacteria in the human mouth, and failing to scrub one's pearly whites helps those germs to flourish.
Most are benign, and some are essential to good health. But a few can trigger a biological cascade leading to diseases of the arteries linked to heart attacks and stroke, according to the new research.
"The mouth is probably the dirtiest place in the human body," Steve Kerrigan of the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin said.
"If you have an open blood vessel from bleeding gums, bacteria will gain entry to your bloodstream."
Once inside the blood, certain bacteria stick onto cells called platelets, causing them to clot inside the vessel and thus decreasing blood flow to the heart.
"We mimicked the pressure inside the blood vessels and in the heart, and demonstrated that bacteria use different mechanisms to cause platelets to clump together, allowing them to completely encase the bacteria," he said.
This not only created conditions that can provoke heart attacks and strokes, it also shielded the bacteria from both, immune system cells and antibiotics.
"These findings suggest why antibiotics do not always work in the treatment of infectious heart disease," Jenkins said.
In separate research, a team led by Greg Seymour of the University of Otago Dunedin in New Zealand showed how other bacteria from the mouth can provoke atherosclerosis, a disease that causes hardening of the arteries.
All organisms -- including humans and bacteria -- produce "stress proteins," molecules produced by conditions such as inflammation, toxins, starvation, or oxygen deprivation.
One function of stress proteins is to guide other proteins across cell membranes.
But they can also can latch onto foreign objects, called antigens, and deliver then to immune cells, provoking an immune reactions in the body.
Normally, the body does not attack its own stress proteins.
But bacterial stress proteins -- which are similar -- do trigger a response, and once that has happened the immune system can no longer differentiate between the two, said Seymour.
"White blood cells can build up in the tissue of arteries, causing atherosclerosis," he explained in a phone interview.
Wed Sep 10, 7:16 PM
PARIS (AFP) - Here's another reason to brush your teeth: poor dental hygiene boosts the risk of heart attacks and strokes, a pair of studies reported this week.
ADVERTISEMENT
Heart disease is the number one killer worldwide, claiming upward of 17 million lives every year, according to the World Health Organization.
Smoking, obesity and high cholesterol are the most common culprits, but the new research shows that neglected gums can be added to the list.
"We now recognize that bacterial infections are an independent risk factor for heart diseases," said Howard Jenkins of the University of Bristol in Britain, at a meeting of the Society for General Microbiology in Dublin.
"In other words, it doesn't matter how fit, slim or healthy you are, you're adding to your chances of getting heart disease by having bad teeth," the professor said.
There are up to 700 different bacteria in the human mouth, and failing to scrub one's pearly whites helps those germs to flourish.
Most are benign, and some are essential to good health. But a few can trigger a biological cascade leading to diseases of the arteries linked to heart attacks and stroke, according to the new research.
"The mouth is probably the dirtiest place in the human body," Steve Kerrigan of the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin said.
"If you have an open blood vessel from bleeding gums, bacteria will gain entry to your bloodstream."
Once inside the blood, certain bacteria stick onto cells called platelets, causing them to clot inside the vessel and thus decreasing blood flow to the heart.
"We mimicked the pressure inside the blood vessels and in the heart, and demonstrated that bacteria use different mechanisms to cause platelets to clump together, allowing them to completely encase the bacteria," he said.
This not only created conditions that can provoke heart attacks and strokes, it also shielded the bacteria from both, immune system cells and antibiotics.
"These findings suggest why antibiotics do not always work in the treatment of infectious heart disease," Jenkins said.
In separate research, a team led by Greg Seymour of the University of Otago Dunedin in New Zealand showed how other bacteria from the mouth can provoke atherosclerosis, a disease that causes hardening of the arteries.
All organisms -- including humans and bacteria -- produce "stress proteins," molecules produced by conditions such as inflammation, toxins, starvation, or oxygen deprivation.
One function of stress proteins is to guide other proteins across cell membranes.
But they can also can latch onto foreign objects, called antigens, and deliver then to immune cells, provoking an immune reactions in the body.
Normally, the body does not attack its own stress proteins.
But bacterial stress proteins -- which are similar -- do trigger a response, and once that has happened the immune system can no longer differentiate between the two, said Seymour.
"White blood cells can build up in the tissue of arteries, causing atherosclerosis," he explained in a phone interview.
Saturday, September 6, 2008
My Zodiac~Taurus~
As a muslim we shouldn't believe in this thing.But then,I find it as something interesting to talk about,so just consider it as just an article,we don't have to believe in it.
Each and everyone of us has our own zodiac, and my zodiac is Taurus.It is symbolized as bull.The birth dates is between April 20-May 20.Every zodiac has it own planet that rules them,and for Taurus will be Venus which also rules Libra.It also has a myth which is from Greek and it has few goddesses connected with it.Usually the head and horns represents the astrological symbol.
The astrologers had done research for every zodiac which can characterised someone who born in that month.
There are few things that I think characterised me and some are not,such as,I'm a relax and laid-back person and I work hard for something that I like,I am a patient person and can be trusted,but I don't think I'm artistic person and I'm not resentful.
It is also believed that Taurus is compatibles to Pisces,Virgo,Capricon and Cancer.
So,non-muslim such as Chinese and Indian do believe in zodiacs and they have their own types of astrology.
Each and everyone of us has our own zodiac, and my zodiac is Taurus.It is symbolized as bull.The birth dates is between April 20-May 20.Every zodiac has it own planet that rules them,and for Taurus will be Venus which also rules Libra.It also has a myth which is from Greek and it has few goddesses connected with it.Usually the head and horns represents the astrological symbol.
The astrologers had done research for every zodiac which can characterised someone who born in that month.
There are few things that I think characterised me and some are not,such as,I'm a relax and laid-back person and I work hard for something that I like,I am a patient person and can be trusted,but I don't think I'm artistic person and I'm not resentful.
It is also believed that Taurus is compatibles to Pisces,Virgo,Capricon and Cancer.
So,non-muslim such as Chinese and Indian do believe in zodiacs and they have their own types of astrology.
Taurus ~Astrology~
Taurus the bull
Zodiac Symbol Bull
Birth Dates (Tropical) April 20 - May 20[1]
Birth Dates (Sidereal) May 15 - June 16
Constellation Taurus
Zodiac Element Earth
Zodiac Quality Fixed
Domicile Venus
Detriment Mars(ancient)/
Pluto(modern)[2]
Exaltation Moon[2]
Fall Uranus
Taurus is the second astrological sign in the Zodiac, originating from the constellation of Taurus. In western astrology, this sign is no longer aligned with the constellation as a result of the precession of the equinoxes. In astrology, Taurus is considered a "feminine", negative sign. It is also considered an earth sign and is one of four fixed signs.[3] Taurus is ruled by the planet Venus (which also rules Libra). Being the second sign of the zodiac, Taurus has been associated with the astrological second house. The glyph is also the alchemical symbol for rocksalt.
Individuals born when the Sun was in this sign are considered Taurus individuals. Under the tropical zodiac, the Sun is in Taurus roughly from April 20 to May 20.[1] Under the sidereal zodiac, it is currently there roughly from May 15 to June 15.[5] People born on these juncture dates should have an astrological chart drawn to determine which sign the sun was in at the exact time of their birth.
Contents
Mythology
In mythology Taurus is often associated with the Greek myth of the bull-form taken by Zeus in order to win Europa. Taurus is also associated with the Greco-Roman goddess Aphrodite/Venus and sometimes also the goddesses Hera/Juno, Ishtar, Isis, Freyja, and Frigg and the gods Pan, Dionysus/Bacchus, Xolotl, and Quetzalcoatl.[citation needed] The astrological symbol for Taurus represents the head and horns of the bull.
Astrologers assign personality traits to the signs. The following are traits more widely associated with Taurus. Note that no scientific research thusfar has been able to prove such correlation. Many astrologers consider planetary aspects to hold a key influence[6] which may override sign location and thus conceding many exceptions.
Stubborn,[7][8] however prefer thinking of himself as patient, sensible and firm.[9]
Dedicated, willing to work hard for what they enjoy.[10] Determined.[7][8][9]
Disciplined, methodical [8][9]
Sensible, practical [7][8][11]
Conservative,[7] traditional[8]
Artistic / creative.[7] Often musical.[10][9]
Relaxed, laid-back, generally cool and self-possessed [9][10]
Slow to anger, but can become furiously mad [8][9][10]
Sensual,[7][8][9] greatly enjoys food [9]
Loving, strongly attracted to the opposite sex.[9] Romantic and affectionate.[7]
getting stuck in ruts
Resentful [11]
Prudent, cautious [7][9]
Reliable / dependable / trustworthy [10][9]
Tenacious, steadfast [8][9]
stable / steady [9]
Patient [10][9]
Loyal / faithful [7][8][9]
resourceful
possessive
overindulgent [7]
Attributes
Ideal Careers Banking, modeling, music, almost any form of bureaucracy, engineering, auctioneering, artist, managers, singers, chef and acting.
Likes Stability [10] • beauty [10] • nature and natural things [10][9] • taking their time [10] • comfort and pleasure [10] • luxury [9] • the arts [7][9] • music [9]
Dislikes Disruption [9] • being forced [9] • being rushed [11] • change [9] • chaos
Physical traits
Many astrologers believe that each of the zodiac signs has identifiable physical traits. Individuals born under the sign of Taurus will tend to have full, often long faces, square jaws, small ears, a fairly large and dimpled chin, sometimes prominent foreheads, a short or pointy and turned-up nose, large and expressive eyes, opaque, light skin,full and well-shaped lips, small and even teeth, and thick. Many astrologers believe Taurus to be very good looking individuals.[12] They are thought by some to usually be above average height and the women often possess a voluptuous figure,[13] a swan neck[14] and Grecian nose.
Compatibilities
Although many mainstream astrology books do not bother with superficial sun-sign compatibilities, Taurus is widely thought to be compatible with the earthy signs, Capricorn.[15][16] and Virgo [15][16] and Taurus is also considered to be good with Cancer[16][17], Pisces.[16][18] and Taurus itself.[16][19] Its relationship with Scorpio is often considered powerful and passionate, but rather complicated.[20][16]
There are many variables that determine compatibility in astrology, such as birth dates, birth months, birth years, position of a sign within the Sun, the Moon, Stars, etc. The signs listed as compatible with Taurus do not reflect an individual profile or individual reading as interpreted within astrology, but rather reflect a general guideline and reference to compatibility as dictated by variables such as Qualities and Elements within the Zodiac.[15] Professional astrologers rarely boil compatibility down to just the sun-sign. The branch in astrology dealing with interpersonal compatibilities is called Synastry.[21]
[edit] Correspondences
The following items are traditionally associated with Taurus: [22]
Associations
Birthstones Sapphire[23] ; Emerald (May)[23] ; Diamond (April)[23]
Colors Mauve • Pale Blue • Green[24] • Pink [8]
Gemstones Emerald [8][24]
Flowers Rose [8] • Violet [8]
Metal Copper [8][24]
Countries Ireland [8] • Switzerland [8] • Sweden [8] • Russia [8]
Cities Lucerne[8] • Leipzig[8] • St. Louis [25][8]
Animals Cattle [8]
The Indian equivalent of Taurus is Vrishabha
The Chinese equivalent is thought to be the wise, purposeful Snake, whose lunar month is 5 May - 5 June.
Zodiac Symbol Bull
Birth Dates (Tropical) April 20 - May 20[1]
Birth Dates (Sidereal) May 15 - June 16
Constellation Taurus
Zodiac Element Earth
Zodiac Quality Fixed
Domicile Venus
Detriment Mars(ancient)/
Pluto(modern)[2]
Exaltation Moon[2]
Fall Uranus
Taurus is the second astrological sign in the Zodiac, originating from the constellation of Taurus. In western astrology, this sign is no longer aligned with the constellation as a result of the precession of the equinoxes. In astrology, Taurus is considered a "feminine", negative sign. It is also considered an earth sign and is one of four fixed signs.[3] Taurus is ruled by the planet Venus (which also rules Libra). Being the second sign of the zodiac, Taurus has been associated with the astrological second house. The glyph is also the alchemical symbol for rocksalt.
Individuals born when the Sun was in this sign are considered Taurus individuals. Under the tropical zodiac, the Sun is in Taurus roughly from April 20 to May 20.[1] Under the sidereal zodiac, it is currently there roughly from May 15 to June 15.[5] People born on these juncture dates should have an astrological chart drawn to determine which sign the sun was in at the exact time of their birth.
Contents
Mythology
In mythology Taurus is often associated with the Greek myth of the bull-form taken by Zeus in order to win Europa. Taurus is also associated with the Greco-Roman goddess Aphrodite/Venus and sometimes also the goddesses Hera/Juno, Ishtar, Isis, Freyja, and Frigg and the gods Pan, Dionysus/Bacchus, Xolotl, and Quetzalcoatl.[citation needed] The astrological symbol for Taurus represents the head and horns of the bull.
Astrologers assign personality traits to the signs. The following are traits more widely associated with Taurus. Note that no scientific research thusfar has been able to prove such correlation. Many astrologers consider planetary aspects to hold a key influence[6] which may override sign location and thus conceding many exceptions.
Stubborn,[7][8] however prefer thinking of himself as patient, sensible and firm.[9]
Dedicated, willing to work hard for what they enjoy.[10] Determined.[7][8][9]
Disciplined, methodical [8][9]
Sensible, practical [7][8][11]
Conservative,[7] traditional[8]
Artistic / creative.[7] Often musical.[10][9]
Relaxed, laid-back, generally cool and self-possessed [9][10]
Slow to anger, but can become furiously mad [8][9][10]
Sensual,[7][8][9] greatly enjoys food [9]
Loving, strongly attracted to the opposite sex.[9] Romantic and affectionate.[7]
getting stuck in ruts
Resentful [11]
Prudent, cautious [7][9]
Reliable / dependable / trustworthy [10][9]
Tenacious, steadfast [8][9]
stable / steady [9]
Patient [10][9]
Loyal / faithful [7][8][9]
resourceful
possessive
overindulgent [7]
Attributes
Ideal Careers Banking, modeling, music, almost any form of bureaucracy, engineering, auctioneering, artist, managers, singers, chef and acting.
Likes Stability [10] • beauty [10] • nature and natural things [10][9] • taking their time [10] • comfort and pleasure [10] • luxury [9] • the arts [7][9] • music [9]
Dislikes Disruption [9] • being forced [9] • being rushed [11] • change [9] • chaos
Physical traits
Many astrologers believe that each of the zodiac signs has identifiable physical traits. Individuals born under the sign of Taurus will tend to have full, often long faces, square jaws, small ears, a fairly large and dimpled chin, sometimes prominent foreheads, a short or pointy and turned-up nose, large and expressive eyes, opaque, light skin,full and well-shaped lips, small and even teeth, and thick. Many astrologers believe Taurus to be very good looking individuals.[12] They are thought by some to usually be above average height and the women often possess a voluptuous figure,[13] a swan neck[14] and Grecian nose.
Compatibilities
Although many mainstream astrology books do not bother with superficial sun-sign compatibilities, Taurus is widely thought to be compatible with the earthy signs, Capricorn.[15][16] and Virgo [15][16] and Taurus is also considered to be good with Cancer[16][17], Pisces.[16][18] and Taurus itself.[16][19] Its relationship with Scorpio is often considered powerful and passionate, but rather complicated.[20][16]
There are many variables that determine compatibility in astrology, such as birth dates, birth months, birth years, position of a sign within the Sun, the Moon, Stars, etc. The signs listed as compatible with Taurus do not reflect an individual profile or individual reading as interpreted within astrology, but rather reflect a general guideline and reference to compatibility as dictated by variables such as Qualities and Elements within the Zodiac.[15] Professional astrologers rarely boil compatibility down to just the sun-sign. The branch in astrology dealing with interpersonal compatibilities is called Synastry.[21]
[edit] Correspondences
The following items are traditionally associated with Taurus: [22]
Associations
Birthstones Sapphire[23] ; Emerald (May)[23] ; Diamond (April)[23]
Colors Mauve • Pale Blue • Green[24] • Pink [8]
Gemstones Emerald [8][24]
Flowers Rose [8] • Violet [8]
Metal Copper [8][24]
Countries Ireland [8] • Switzerland [8] • Sweden [8] • Russia [8]
Cities Lucerne[8] • Leipzig[8] • St. Louis [25][8]
Animals Cattle [8]
The Indian equivalent of Taurus is Vrishabha
The Chinese equivalent is thought to be the wise, purposeful Snake, whose lunar month is 5 May - 5 June.
Have a healthy life!!
Having a healthy style is essential in our daily life especially for students and also working people.These days,we can see these people ignore about their health since they cared too much about their studies and work. They always forgot the food they eat,wether it is a healthy food or not,when is their bedtime, how many hours do they sleep and they don't really care how tired they were as long as their work done, which always happen to the university students.
So,here's are the tips to stay and feel young,firstly,we should always take really good care of our health,secondly, we can flush out toxin and waste by having a detox.Thirdly, for girls,we have to walk under the hot sunshiny day on our way to the class,so our skin might be dry and a little rough,so as a protection,we could use skin cream such as shea body butter cream or hand salves.We should also stay hidrated by drinking 7-10 glasses of water.Besides that,we can get energize by having our own massage,which is aromatherapy.We should also get enough sleep at night so that we won't get tired during the day and we will have a fresh look by the morning.
So,here's are the tips to stay and feel young,firstly,we should always take really good care of our health,secondly, we can flush out toxin and waste by having a detox.Thirdly, for girls,we have to walk under the hot sunshiny day on our way to the class,so our skin might be dry and a little rough,so as a protection,we could use skin cream such as shea body butter cream or hand salves.We should also stay hidrated by drinking 7-10 glasses of water.Besides that,we can get energize by having our own massage,which is aromatherapy.We should also get enough sleep at night so that we won't get tired during the day and we will have a fresh look by the morning.
Article~Staying Healthy
With the recent transition to fall and cooler temperatures dead ahead, its likely your workout schedule, diet and even skincare routine are ready for a change too.Staying healthy ad vibrant during seasonal shift can be challenging, cooler weather can take its toll on your skin and even your appetite. It can be difficult to adjust your schedule to keep up with the routine. It's a good idea to stock up on some of the season's latest beauty products to manage your skin, and take a look at some energizing recipes and snacks that will carry you forward into a healthy holiday season.Here are some few ideas to get you started;
Breath easy with allergy relief
Drink herbal tea and try eating natural anti-histamine food such as onions, garlic and oranges,all these can help your congestion and breath better
Try a 24 hours detox
Detox can help to flush out toxin and waste from your body,try a sip of lemon early in the morning and snack on only fresh fruits, water and tea throughout the day.You will notice a surge of energy just a few days later.
Keep your hands in top shape
All that summer sun has probably left your skin dry and rough,dip into a shea body butter cream or hand salve.you can enjoy healing hand repair in one quick step
Stay well hidrated
Eat juicy fruits whenever possible,drink at least 7-10 glasses of water per day is the minimum and you'll need more if you done some workouts.
Banish exhaustion for good
Try some herbal remedies to boost your energy in a healthy way.Maca is a Peruvian vegetable that can helpbuild up your energy without the side effects of quick fixes such as caffein and sugar.Aromatherapy can also be helpful.
Sleep like a queen
Sleep is essential for looking and feeling your best today,and deep sleep can help your body fight off colds or the flu as the season turns greyer day.You can use scented lavender candles as an aromatherapy to help you relax naturally
Breath easy with allergy relief
Drink herbal tea and try eating natural anti-histamine food such as onions, garlic and oranges,all these can help your congestion and breath better
Try a 24 hours detox
Detox can help to flush out toxin and waste from your body,try a sip of lemon early in the morning and snack on only fresh fruits, water and tea throughout the day.You will notice a surge of energy just a few days later.
Keep your hands in top shape
All that summer sun has probably left your skin dry and rough,dip into a shea body butter cream or hand salve.you can enjoy healing hand repair in one quick step
Stay well hidrated
Eat juicy fruits whenever possible,drink at least 7-10 glasses of water per day is the minimum and you'll need more if you done some workouts.
Banish exhaustion for good
Try some herbal remedies to boost your energy in a healthy way.Maca is a Peruvian vegetable that can helpbuild up your energy without the side effects of quick fixes such as caffein and sugar.Aromatherapy can also be helpful.
Sleep like a queen
Sleep is essential for looking and feeling your best today,and deep sleep can help your body fight off colds or the flu as the season turns greyer day.You can use scented lavender candles as an aromatherapy to help you relax naturally
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